Since 2015, KAUST has been actively working to reduce daily irrigation water consumption by revising its landscape design to focus on functionality and value, especially in less visible areas. Over 100 sites have been converted to xeriscaping themes, which require minimal water. Additionally, the conversion of the potable irrigation network to Treated Sewage Effluent (TSE) has continued through five utility projects, leading to a nearly 40% reduction in irrigation water usage. Today, approximately 40% of the landscape irrigation water at KAUST is sourced from the TSE network.